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Host key — это клавиша правый CTRL.
Но её можно сменить на любую другую в настройках.
2 комментария:
На экран не влазило — включил масштабирование- пропало меню, весь изыскался пока CTRL+C не нажал.
Мой Блог: Горячие Клавиши Virtualbox >>>>> Download Now
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Мой Блог: Горячие Клавиши Virtualbox >>>>> Download Full
VirtualBox: What Is The Host Key And How To Change It
If you are wondering how to switch between full-screen mode and scale mode in VirtualBox, you should know what the host key is.
Defined In VirtualBox Settings
1. Step The Host key is defined in the Settings of your VirtualBox
2. Step Open VirtualBox
3. Step Click on File – Preferences, alternatively hit CTRL + G
4. Step Go to the entry Input and on the right pane you can now change the host key. By default the host key is CTRL-Right
You can use the Host key to switch between real PC and virtual machine.
If you hit Host key + Home (Pos1 on EU keyboard) you can switch between Scale-mode and Full-screen mode. Also handy to know!
Что за кнопка host в virtualbox
Oracle® VM VirtualBox
User Manual for Release 6.0
- Preface
- First Steps
- Why is Virtualization Useful?
- Some Terminology
- Features Overview
- Supported Host Operating Systems
- Host CPU Requirements
- Starting a New VM for the First Time
- Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse
- Typing Special Characters
- Changing Removable Media
- Resizing the Machine’s Window
- Saving the State of the Machine
- Taking, Restoring, and Deleting Snapshots
- Snapshot Contents
- About the OVF Format
- Importing an Appliance in OVF Format
- Exporting an Appliance in OVF Format
- Exporting an Appliance to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
- Importing an Instance from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
- The Cloud Profile Manager
- Using the Soft Keyboard
- Creating a Custom Keyboard Layout
- Installing on Windows Hosts
- Prerequisites
- Performing the Installation
- Uninstallation
- Unattended Installation
- Public Properties
- Performing the Installation
- Uninstallation
- Unattended Installation
- Prerequisites
- The Oracle VM VirtualBox Kernel Modules
- Kernel Modules and UEFI Secure Boot
- Installing Oracle VM VirtualBox from a Debian or Ubuntu Package
- Using the Alternative Generic Installer (VirtualBox.run)
- Performing a Manual Installation
- Updating and Uninstalling Oracle VM VirtualBox
- Automatic Installation of Debian Packages
- Automatic Installation of RPM Packages
- Automatic Installation Options
- Performing the Installation
- The vboxuser Group
- Starting Oracle VM VirtualBox on Oracle Solaris
- Uninstallation
- Unattended Installation
- Configuring a Zone for Running Oracle VM VirtualBox
- Supported Guest Operating Systems
- Mac OS X Guests
- 64-bit Guests
- An Example of Unattended Guest Installation
- Basic Tab
- Advanced Tab
- Description Tab
- Disk Encryption Tab
- Motherboard Tab
- Processor Tab
- Acceleration Tab
- Screen Tab
- Remote Display Tab
- Recording Tab
- USB Settings
- Implementation Notes for Windows and Linux Hosts
- Video Modes in EFI
- Specifying Boot Arguments
- Introduction to Guest Additions
- Installing and Maintaining Guest Additions
- Guest Additions for Windows
- Installing the Windows Guest Additions
- Updating the Windows Guest Additions
- Unattended Installation
- Manual File Extraction
- Installing the Linux Guest Additions
- Graphics and Mouse Integration
- Updating the Linux Guest Additions
- Uninstalling the Linux Guest Additions
- Installing the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions
- Uninstalling the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions
- Updating the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions
- Manual Mounting
- Automatic Mounting
- Supported Formats
- Known Limitations
- Hardware 3D Acceleration (OpenGL and Direct3D 8/9)
- Hardware 2D Video Acceleration for Windows Guests
- Using Guest Properties to Wait on VM Events
- Using the Guest Control File Manager
- Memory Ballooning
- Page Fusion
- Hard Disk Controllers
- Disk Image Files (VDI, VMDK, VHD, HDD)
- The Virtual Media Manager
- Special Image Write Modes
- Differencing Images
- Cloning Disk Images
- Host Input/Output Caching
- Limiting Bandwidth for Disk Images
- CD/DVD Support
- iSCSI Servers
- vboximg-mount: A Utility for FUSE Mounting a Virtual Disk Image
- Viewing Detailed Information About a Virtual Disk Image
- Mounting a Virtual Disk Image
- Virtual Networking Hardware
- Introduction to Networking Modes
- Network Address Translation (NAT)
- Configuring Port Forwarding with NAT
- PXE Booting with NAT
- NAT Limitations
- Introduction
- Commands Overview
- General Options
- VBoxManage list
- VBoxManage showvminfo
- VBoxManage registervm/unregistervm
- VBoxManage createvm
- VBoxManage modifyvm
- General Settings
- Networking Settings
- NAT Networking Settings
- Import from OVF
- Import from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
- Export to OVF
- Export to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
- Synopsis
- Description
- unattended detect
- unattended install
- Synopsis
- Description
- General Command Operand
- Take a Snapshot of a Virtual Machine
- Delete a Snapshot
- Restore a Snapshot
- Restore the Current Snapshot
- Change the Name or Description of an Existing Snapshot
- List the Snapshots
- Show Information About a Snapshot’s Settings
- Synopsis
- Description
- Command Operand and Options
- Examples
- See Also
- Synopsis
- Description
- extpack install
- extpack uninstall
- extpack cleanup
- Synopsis
- Description
- Common options
- dhcpserver add
- dhcpserver modify
- dhcpserver remove
- dhcpserver restart
- dhcpserver findlease
- Common DHCP Options:
- Synopsis
- Description
- Common options
- debugvm dumpvmcore
- debugvm info
- debugvm injectnmi
- debugvm log
- debugvm logdest
- debugvm logflags
- debugvm osdetect
- debugvm osinfo
- debugvm osdmesg
- debugvm getregisters
- debugvm setregisters
- debugvm show
- debugvm stack
- debugvm statistics
- Synopsis
- Description
- Common options
- cloudprofile add
- cloudprofile show
- cloudprofile update
- cloudprofile delete
- Synopsis
- Description
- Common options
- cloud list instances
- cloud list images
- Synopsis
- Description
- Common options
- cloud instance create
- cloud instance info
- cloud instance termination
- cloud instance start
- cloud instance pause
- Synopsis
- Description
- Common options
- cloud image create
- cloud image info
- cloud image delete
- cloud image import
- cloud image export
1.8. Running Your Virtual Machine
To start a virtual machine, you have several options:
Double-click on the VM’s entry in the list in the VirtualBox Manager window.
Select the VM’s entry in the list in the VirtualBox Manager window, and click Start at the top of the window.
Go to the VirtualBox VMs folder in your system user’s home directory. Find the subdirectory of the machine you want to start and double-click on the machine settings file. This file has a .vbox file extension.
Starting a virtual machine displays a new window, and the virtual machine which you selected will boot up. Everything which would normally be seen on the virtual system’s monitor is shown in the window. See the screenshot image in Chapter 1, First Steps.
In general, you can use the virtual machine as you would use a real computer. There are couple of points worth mentioning however.
1.8.1. Starting a New VM for the First Time
When a VM is started for the first time, the First Start Wizard , is displayed. This wizard helps you to select an installation medium. Since the VM is created empty, it would otherwise behave just like a real computer with no OS installed. It will do nothing and display an error message that no bootable OS was found.
For this reason, the wizard helps you to select a medium to install an OS from.
If you have physical CD or DVD media from which you want to install your guest OS, such as a Windows installation CD or DVD, put the media into your host’s CD or DVD drive.
In the wizard’s drop-down list of installation media, select Host Drive with the correct drive letter. In the case of a Linux host, choose a device file. This will allow your VM to access the media in your host drive, and you can proceed to install from there.
If you have downloaded installation media from the Internet in the form of an ISO image file such as with a Linux distribution, you would normally burn this file to an empty CD or DVD and proceed as described above. With Oracle VM VirtualBox however, you can skip this step and mount the ISO file directly. Oracle VM VirtualBox will then present this file as a CD or DVD-ROM drive to the virtual machine, much like it does with virtual hard disk images.
In this case, the wizard’s drop-down list contains a list of installation media that were previously used with Oracle VM VirtualBox.
If your medium is not in the list, especially if you are using Oracle VM VirtualBox for the first time, click the small folder icon next to the drop-down list to display a standard file dialog. Here you can pick an image file on your host disks.
After completing the choices in the wizard, you will be able to install your OS.
1.8.2. Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse
Oracle VM VirtualBox provides a virtual USB tablet device to new virtual machines through which mouse events are communicated to the guest OS. If you are running a modern guest OS that can handle such devices, mouse support may work out of the box without the mouse being captured as described below. See Section 3.5.1, “Motherboard Tab”.
Otherwise, if the virtual machine detects only standard PS/2 mouse and keyboard devices, since the OS in the virtual machine does not know that it is not running on a real computer, it expects to have exclusive control over your keyboard and mouse. But unless you are running the VM in full screen mode, your VM needs to share keyboard and mouse with other applications and possibly other VMs on your host.
After installing a guest OS and before you install the Guest Additions, described later, either your VM or the rest of your computer can «own» the keyboard and the mouse. Both cannot own the keyboard and mouse at the same time. You will see a second mouse pointer which is always confined to the limits of the VM window. You activate the VM by clicking inside it.
To return ownership of keyboard and mouse to your host OS, Oracle VM VirtualBox reserves a special key on your keyboard: the Host key . By default, this is the right Ctrl key on your keyboard. On a Mac host, the default Host key is the left Command key. You can change this default in the Oracle VM VirtualBox Global Settings. See Section 1.15, “Global Settings”. The current setting for the Host key is always displayed at the bottom right of your VM window.
Figure 1.7 Host Key Setting on the Virtual Machine Task Bar
This means the following:
Your keyboard is owned by the VM if the VM window on your host desktop has the keyboard focus. If you have many windows open in your guest OS, the window that has the focus in your VM is used. This means that if you want to enter text within your VM, click on the title bar of your VM window first.
To release keyboard ownership, press the Host key. As explained above, this is typically the right Ctrl key.
Note that while the VM owns the keyboard, some key sequences, such as Alt+Tab, will no longer be seen by the host, but will go to the guest instead. After you press the Host key to reenable the host keyboard, all key presses will go through the host again, so that sequences such as Alt+Tab will no longer reach the guest. For technical reasons it may not be possible for the VM to get all keyboard input even when it does own the keyboard. Examples of this are the Ctrl+Alt+Del sequence on Windows hosts or single keys grabbed by other applications on X11 hosts such as the GNOME desktop Locate Pointer feature.
Your mouse is owned by the VM only after you have clicked in the VM window. The host mouse pointer will disappear, and your mouse will drive the guest’s pointer instead of your normal mouse pointer.
Note that mouse ownership is independent of that of the keyboard. Even after you have clicked on a titlebar to be able to enter text into the VM window, your mouse is not necessarily owned by the VM yet.
To release ownership of your mouse by the VM, press the Host key.
As this behavior is inconvenient, Oracle VM VirtualBox provides a set of tools and device drivers for guest systems called the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions. These tools make VM keyboard and mouse operations much more seamless. Most importantly, the Guest Additions suppress the second «guest» mouse pointer and make your host mouse pointer work directly in the guest. See Chapter 4, Guest Additions.
1.8.3. Typing Special Characters
Some OSes expect certain key combinations to initiate certain procedures. The key combinations that you type into a VM might target the host OS, the Oracle VM VirtualBox software, or the guest OS. The recipient of these keypresses depends on a number of factors, including the key combination itself.
Host OSes reserve certain key combinations for themselves. For example, you cannot use the Ctrl+Alt+Delete combination to reboot the guest OS in your VM because this key combination is usually hard-wired into the host OS. So, even though both the Windows and Linux OSes intercept this key combination, only the host OS would be rebooted.
On Linux and Oracle Solaris hosts, which use the X Window System, the key combination Ctrl+Alt+Backspace normally resets the X server and restarts the entire graphical user interface. As the X server intercepts this combination, pressing it will usually restart your host graphical user interface and kill all running programs, including Oracle VM VirtualBox, in the process.
On Linux hosts supporting virtual terminals, the key combination Ctrl+Alt+Fx , where Fx is one of the function keys from F1 to F12, normally enables you to switch between virtual terminals. As with Ctrl+Alt+Delete , these combinations are intercepted by the host OS and therefore always switch terminals on the host .
If, instead, you want to send these key combinations to the guest OS in the virtual machine, you will need to use one of the following methods:
Use the items in the Input , Keyboard menu of the virtual machine window. This menu includes the settings Insert Ctrl+Alt+Delete and Insert Ctrl+Alt+Backspace . However, the latter setting affects only Linux guests or Oracle Solaris guests.
This menu also includes an option for inserting the Host key combination.
Use special key combinations with the Host key, which is normally the right Control key. Oracle VM VirtualBox then translates the following key combinations for the VM:
Host key + Del sends Ctrl+Alt+Del to reboot the guest OS.
Host key + Backspace sends Ctrl+Alt+Backspace to restart the graphical user interface of a Linux or Oracle Solaris guest.
Host key + Function key . For example, use this key combination to simulate Ctrl+Alt+Fx to switch between virtual terminals in a Linux guest.
For some other keyboard combinations such as Alt+Tab to switch between open windows, Oracle VM VirtualBox enables you to configure whether these combinations will affect the host or the guest, if a virtual machine currently has the focus. This is a global setting for all virtual machines and can be found under File , Preferences , Input .
A soft keyboard can be used to input key combinations in the guest. See Section 1.17, “Soft Keyboard”.
1.8.4. Changing Removable Media
While a virtual machine is running, you can change removable media in the Devices menu of the VM’s window. Here you can select in detail what Oracle VM VirtualBox presents to your VM as a CD, DVD, or floppy drive.
The settings are the same as those available for the VM in the Settings dialog of the Oracle VM VirtualBox main window. But as the Settings dialog is disabled while the VM is in the Running or Saved state, the Devices menu saves you from having to shut down and restart the VM every time you want to change media.
Using the Devices menu, you can attach the host drive to the guest or select a floppy or DVD image, as described in Section 3.7, “Storage Settings”.
The Devices menu also includes an option for creating a virtual ISO (VISO) from selected files on the host.
1.8.5. Resizing the Machine’s Window
You can resize the VM’s window while that VM is running. When you do, the window is scaled as follows:
If you have scaled mode enabled, then the virtual machine’s screen will be scaled to the size of the window. This can be useful if you have many machines running and want to have a look at one of them while it is running in the background. Alternatively, it might be useful to enlarge a window if the VM’s output screen is very small, for example because you are running an old OS in it.
To enable scaled mode, press Host key + C , or select Scaled Mode from the View menu in the VM window. To leave scaled mode, press Host key + C again.
The aspect ratio of the guest screen is preserved when resizing the window. To ignore the aspect ratio, press Shift during the resize operation.
See Known Limitations for additional remarks.
If you have the Guest Additions installed and they support automatic resizing , the Guest Additions will automatically adjust the screen resolution of the guest OS. For example, if you are running a Windows guest with a resolution of 1024×768 pixels and you then resize the VM window to make it 100 pixels wider, the Guest Additions will change the Windows display resolution to 1124×768.
Otherwise, if the window is bigger than the VM’s screen, the screen will be centered. If it is smaller, then scroll bars will be added to the machine window.
1.8.6. Saving the State of the Machine
When you click on the Close button of your virtual machine window, at the top right of the window, just like you would close any other window on your system, Oracle VM VirtualBox asks you whether you want to save or power off the VM. As a shortcut, you can also press Host key + Q .
Figure 1.8 Closing Down a Virtual Machine
The difference between the three options is crucial. They mean the following:
Save the machine state: With this option, Oracle VM VirtualBox freezes the virtual machine by completely saving its state to your local disk.
When you start the VM again later, you will find that the VM continues exactly where it was left off. All your programs will still be open, and your computer resumes operation. Saving the state of a virtual machine is thus in some ways similar to suspending a laptop computer by closing its lid.
Send the shutdown signal. This will send an ACPI shutdown signal to the virtual machine, which has the same effect as if you had pressed the power button on a real computer. This should trigger a proper shutdown mechanism from within the VM.
Power off the machine: With this option, Oracle VM VirtualBox also stops running the virtual machine, but without saving its state.
This is equivalent to pulling the power plug on a real computer without shutting it down properly. If you start the machine again after powering it off, your OS will have to reboot completely and may begin a lengthy check of its virtual system disks. As a result, this should not normally be done, since it can potentially cause data loss or an inconsistent state of the guest system on disk.
As an exception, if your virtual machine has any snapshots, see Section 1.10, “Snapshots”, you can use this option to quickly restore the current snapshot of the virtual machine. In that case, powering off the machine will not disrupt its state, but any changes made since that snapshot was taken will be lost.
The Discard button in the VirtualBox Manager window discards a virtual machine’s saved state. This has the same effect as powering it off, and the same warnings apply.
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VirtualBox: Configuring "Host Key"
VirtualBox provides various function with Host Key such as switching between host and guest or taking screenshots.
The default of Host Key is «Right Ctrl», whereas some keyboards don’t have the key.
In such a case, we can change the mapping with Keyboard Settings in Prereferences:
Just focus on the «Shortcut» area of «Host Key Combination» and type the key which you want to set as Host Key.
Besides, when you have run the virtual machine already, it’s still possible to configure it by doing right click at the right bottom of the guest window:
- Guest Additions for Windows